在提倡环保的大环境下，已经越来越多商家逐渐将普通的一次性餐盒换成了可降解餐具以减少环境污染，市场上出现的各类环保餐盒和降解餐盒也越来越多。那么可降解餐具是什么？目前有哪些种类？下面可降解颗粒厂家为您分析：

In the environment of advocating environmental protection, more and more businesses have gradually replaced ordinary disposable lunch boxes with degradable tableware to reduce environmental pollution, and there are more and more kinds of environmental protection lunch boxes and degradable lunch boxes on the market. So what is degradable tableware? What are the current categories? The following manufacturers of degradable particles will analyze for you:

可降解餐具是指可在自然环境微生物（细菌、霉菌、藻类）和酶作用下，发生生物化学反应，引起外观霉变到内在质量变化，终形成二氧化碳和水的餐具。

Degradable tableware refers to the tableware that can undergo biochemical reaction under the action of natural environment microorganisms (bacteria, mold, algae) and enzymes, causing appearance mildew to internal quality change, and finally forming carbon dioxide and water.

可降解餐具使用材料分两种：一种是天然材料制成的，如纸制品、秸秆、淀粉等，可全降解，也称之为环保产品；另一种是以塑料为主要成分，加入淀粉、光敏剂等物质制成，可部分降解。

There are two kinds of degradable tableware materials: one is made of natural materials, such as paper products, straw, starch, etc., which can be completely degraded, also known as environmental protection products; The other is made of plastic as the main component, adding starch, photosensitizer and other substances, which can be partially degraded.

玉米淀粉基餐具

Cornstarch based tableware

玉米淀粉基餐具是目前市场上比较常见的可降解餐盒，淀粉的主要来源是玉米，所以有时叫玉米淀粉基，但这类餐盒其实是淀粉和传统石油基PP等的混合塑料，国外叫生物基。玉米淀粉基餐具是通过淀粉的生物降解而致使整个材料物理性能崩溃，但崩溃后的石油基PP还是不可降解的，降解率根据餐盒成分可达40%-80%，所以只能算是可降解餐盒，而不能算是全降解。因此玉米淀粉基餐具只能在一定程度上替代塑料制品，是目前市场上饱受争议的塑料餐具的替代品。

Corn starch-based tableware is a relatively common degradable lunch box in the market at present. The main source of starch is corn, so it is sometimes called cornstarch, but this kind of lunch box is actually a mixture of starch and traditional petroleum-based PP, which is called bio-based abroad. Corn starch-based tableware causes the physical properties of the whole material to collapse through the biodegradation of starch, but the petroleum-based PP after collapse is still non-degradable, and the degradation rate can reach 40% - 80% according to the composition of the lunch box, so it can only be considered as a degradable lunch box, not as a complete degradation. Therefore, cornstarch based tableware can only replace plastic products to a certain extent, and it is a controversial substitute for plastic tableware in the current market.

PLA降解餐具

PLA degradable tableware

PLA降解餐盒通常是指在纸浆模塑工艺上PLA复合膜与纸浆模塑产品结合的产品，即PLA覆膜产品。PLA复合膜是由聚乳酸为原料生产加工而成的，可以通过加热，复合在纸浆模塑及纸制品上的，一种完全可降解膜。

PLA degradable lunch box usually refers to the combination of PLA composite film and pulp molded products in the pulp molding process, namely PLA film coated products. PLA composite film is produced and processed from polylactic acid, which can be heated and compounded on pulp molding and paper products. It is a completely degradable film.

聚乳酸（PLA）是一种新型的生物降解材料，使用可再生的植物资源所提出的淀粉原料制成。淀粉原料经由糖化得到葡萄糖，再由葡萄糖及一定的菌种发酵制成高纯度的乳酸，再通过化学合成方法合成一定分子量的聚乳酸。

Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) is a new type of biodegradable material, which is made from starch raw materials proposed by renewable plant resources. Glucose is obtained from starch raw material through saccharification, and then glucose and certain bacteria are fermented to produce high-purity lactic acid, and then polylactic acid with certain molecular weight is synthesized by chemical synthesis.

通过覆膜工艺与纸浆模塑产品结合以后，可以节省防水防油剂的使用，起到密封纸浆模塑产品气孔的作用，餐具在实际使用过程中减少了产品的透气性，保温性能更高，保温时间更长。

By combining the film covering process with the pulp molded products, the use of waterproof and oil proofing agent can be saved, and the role of sealing the pores of the pulp molded products can be played. The tableware reduces the permeability of the products in the actual use process, with higher heat preservation performance and longer heat preservation time.

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